the bundles contain an even number of hanks, so that while there
would be exactly 56 lb. per bundle of 7 lb. yarn, or 8 lb. yarn,
there would be 60 lb in a bundle of 7-1/2 lb. yarn, and 54 lb.
in a bundle of 9 lb. yarn.

The chief point in reeling is to ensure that the correct number of
threads is in each cut, i.e. to obtain a "correct tell"; this ideal
condition may be impracticable in actual work, but it is wise to
approach it as closely as possible. Careless workers allow the reel
to run on after one or more spinning bobbins are empty, and this
yields what is known as "short tell." It is not uncommon to
introduce a bell wheel with, say, 123 or 124 teeth, instead of the
nominal 120 teeth, to compensate for this defect in reeling.




CHAPTER XII. WINDING: ROLLS AND COPS

The actual spinning and twisting operations being thus completed,
the yarns are ready to be combined either for more elaborate types
of twist, or for the processes of cloth manufacture. In its simplest
definition, a fabric consists of two series of threads interlaced in
such way as to form a more or less solid and compact structure. The
two series of threads which are interlaced receive the technical
terms of warp and weft--in poetical language, warp and woof. The
threads which form the length of the cloth constitute the warp,
while the transverse threads are the weft.

The warp threads have ultimately to be wound or "beamed" on to a