right, they prepared for a long struggle. The munition factories in all
the countries were reorganized, and the output of war material was
increased many fold, more being produced in a few days than had formerly
been produced in a year. Great Britain and France appointed ministers of
munitions whose sole work was to see that the armies were supplied with
guns, ammunition, and other fighting needs.

The people in the British overseas dominions remained loyal, and sent
hundreds of thousands of soldiers to the battle fronts in order to
protect the mother country from threatened defeat. To secure still
greater coöperation throughout the British Empire, the prime ministers
of the self-governing colonies were invited to places in the British
imperial war conferences.

SUGGESTIONS FOR STUDY.--1. Locate Przemysl, Lemberg, the
Mazurian Lakes, Scarborough, Helgoland, Essen. 2. On an
outline map of Europe indicate the countries engaged in the
war at the end of 1915. Which of these countries had entered
during the year? 3. By use of the scale on your map of Europe
determine the following distances: Ostend to Scarborough;
Berlin to Warsaw; Brussels to Paris. 4. When did the kingdom
of Poland pass out of existence? What became of it? 5. What
was the purpose of the Allies in the Gallipoli campaign? What
would have been the consequences of the success of this
campaign? 6. Collect pictures of Zeppelins, of gas attacks,
and of methods of defense against gas.

REFERENCES.--_War Cyclopedia_ (C.P.I.); _Study of the Great
War_ (C.P.I.); _New York Times History of the European War_;
McKinley, _Collected Materials for the Study of the War;