the spring of a watch, a motive power, a breath, a stream, a succession of
points or moments. As Plato remarks in the Cratylus, words expressive of
motion as well as of rest are employed to describe the faculties and
operations of the mind; and in these there is contained another store of
fallacies. Some shadow or reflection of the body seems always to adhere to
our thoughts about ourselves, and mental processes are hardly distinguished
in language from bodily ones. To see or perceive are used indifferently of
both; the words intuition, moral sense, common sense, the mind's eye, are
figures of speech transferred from one to the other. And many other words
used in early poetry or in sacred writings to express the works of mind
have a materialistic sound; for old mythology was allied to sense, and the
distinction of matter and mind had not as yet arisen. Thus materialism
receives an illusive aid from language; and both in philosophy and religion
the imaginary figure or association easily takes the place of real
knowledge.

Again, there is the illusion of looking into our own minds as if our
thoughts or feelings were written down in a book. This is another figure
of speech, which might be appropriately termed 'the fallacy of the looking-
glass.' We cannot look at the mind unless we have the eye which sees, and
we can only look, not into, but out of the mind at the thoughts, words,
actions of ourselves and others. What we dimly recognize within us is not
experience, but rather the suggestion of an experience, which we may
gather, if we will, from the observation of the world. The memory has but
a feeble recollection of what we were saying or doing a few weeks or a few
months ago, and still less of what we were thinking or feeling. This is
one among many reasons why there is so little self-knowledge among mankind;
they do not carry with them the thought of what they are or have been. The
so-called 'facts of consciousness' are equally evanescent; they are facts
which nobody ever saw, and which can neither be defined nor described. Of