of flying sand, and at the same time would not disfigure the ruin by
making the repairs obtrusive.

The broken-out lintels of openings were to be replaced, and the cavities
above them filled in with brick faced with mortar similar to the
underpinning.

The south wall, which was in a dangerous condition, was to be supported
by three internal braces, as shown in the plan, plate CXVII. The longest
brace or beam was necessarily of wood, as the wide range of temperature
in this region, even between day and night, would produce so much
expansion and contraction in an iron rod 60 feet long that without some
compensating device the wall would be rocked on its base and its rapid
destruction necessarily follow.


EXECUTION OF THE WORK

Appended to that portion of the sundry civil appropriation act approved
March. 2, 1889,[1] in which certain expenses of the United States
Geological Survey are provided for, is the following item:

Repair of the ruin of Casa Grande, Arizona: To enable the Secretary
of the Interior to repair and protect the ruin of Casa Grande,
situate in Pinal County, near Florence, Arizona, two thousand
dollars; and the President is authorized to reserve from settlement
and sale the land on which said ruin is situated and so much of the
public land adjacent thereto as in his judgment may be necessary for
the protection of said ruin and of the ancient city of which it is a
part.