work of all kinds that are in the hands of their respective dealers, and of
the money that is necessary for circulating and distributing them to those
who are finally to use or to consume them.

Of these four parts, three - provisions, materials, and finished work, are
either annually or in a longer or shorter period, regularly withdrawn from
it, and placed either in the fixed capital, or in the stock reserved for
immediate consumption.

Every fixed capital is both originally derived from, and requires to be
continually supported by, a circulating capital. All useful machines and
instruments of trade are originally derived from a circulating capital,
which furnishes the materials of which they are made, and the maintenance of
the workmen who make them. They require, too, a capital of the same kind to
keep them in constant repair.

No fixed capital can yield any revenue but by means of a circulating capital
The most useful machines and instruments of trade will produce nothing,
without the circulating capital, which affords the materials they are
employed upon, and the maintenance of the workmen who employ them. Land,
however improved, will yield no revenue without a circulating capital, which
maintains the labourers who cultivate and collect its produce.

To maintain and augment the stock which maybe reserved for immediate
consumption, is the sole end and purpose both of the fixed and circulating
capitals. It is this stock which feeds, clothes, and lodges the people.
Their riches or poverty depend upon the abundant or sparing supplies which
those two capitals can afford to the stock reserved for immediate
consumption.