The Problems of Philosophy by Earl Bertrand Arthur William 3rd Russell
page 21 of 137 (15%)
page 21 of 137 (15%)
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understand, is not what we mean by _light_: we mean by _light_ just
that which a blind man can never understand, and which we can never describe to him. Now this something, which all of us who are not blind know, is not, according to science, really to be found in the outer world: it is something caused by the action of certain waves upon the eyes and nerves and brain of the person who sees the light. When it is said that light _is_ waves, what is really meant is that waves are the physical cause of our sensations of light. But light itself, the thing which seeing people experience and blind people do not, is not supposed by science to form any part of the world that is independent of us and our senses. And very similar remarks would apply to other kinds of sensations. It is not only colours and sounds and so on that are absent from the scientific world of matter, but also _space_ as we get it through sight or touch. It is essential to science that its matter should be in _a_ space, but the space in which it is cannot be exactly the space we see or feel. To begin with, space as we see it is not the same as space as we get it by the sense of touch; it is only by experience in infancy that we learn how to touch things we see, or how to get a sight of things which we feel touching us. But the space of science is neutral as between touch and sight; thus it cannot be either the space of touch or the space of sight. Again, different people see the same object as of different shapes, according to their point of view. A circular coin, for example, though we should always _judge_ it to be circular, will _look_ oval unless we are straight in front of it. When we judge that it _is_ |
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