of the throat. Local or skin lesions may occur in conjunction with, or
independent of, the above forms of disease. These are carbuncles one or two
inches in diameter that are hot and tender at first, but later become
gangrenous, diffused swellings.

On post-mortem examination the blood is found tarry and dark, and bloody
exudates may be found in the abdominal and thoracic cavities. The spleen is
soft and two or three times larger than normal. The diagnosis should be
confirmed by finding the _B. anthracis_ in the blood and tissues. The
death-rate is very high, usually about seventy-five per cent.

_The treatment is preventive._ Animals should be kept away from lots and
pastures where deaths from anthrax have been known to occur, unless
immunized against the disease. Marshy, swampy land that is infected with
the germs of anthrax should be drained and cultivated.

When an outbreak of the disease occurs, all of the animals should be
vaccinated. The carcasses of the animals that die should be cremated at or
near the place where they die. If hauled or dragged, the necessary
precautions should be taken against scattering the infectious material from
the carcass, and plenty of disinfectants used. Persons attending the
animals should be warned against opening or handling the carcass without
protecting the hands with rubber gloves.

_Anthrax vaccine_ should not be used by incompetent persons.

ULCERATIVE STOMATITIS. (ULCERATIVE SORE MOUTH.)--This is an infectious
disease of young animals. Pigs from a few days to a few weeks of age are
the most commonly affected.