carriers as blankets, harness, clothing of the attendant and dust.

_The predisposing causes_ are cold, exposure and changes in climate. When
the disease appears in a country, it is first present in the large cities,
and from there it is scattered to the outlying districts. The _period of
incubation_ is usually from four to seven days.

_The early symptoms_ of the disease are a high fever, marked depression and
partial or entire loss of appetite. The horse usually stands in the stall
with the head down and appears sleepy. The visible and respiratory mucous
membranes are inflamed, the respirations are quickened and the animal may
cough. The eyes are frequently affected, the lids and cornea showing more
or less inflammation. The digestive tract may be affected. At the
beginning, colicky pains may be present and later constipation and
diarrhoea. Symptoms of a serious nervous disturbance are sometimes
manifested.

The limbs usually become swollen or filled. This disappears as the animal
begins to improve. Pregnant mares may abort. The death-rate is low.

_The treatment required for the sick animals_ is largely rest, a light diet
and a comfortable, clean, well-ventilated stall, free from draughts.
Windows in the stall should be darkened. If the stable is cold, the body of
the animal should be covered with a blanket and the limbs bandaged. Two
ounces of alcohol and one drachm of quinine may be given three or four
times daily. Small doses of raw linseed oil may be given if necessary.

Horses that are exposed to cold, wet weather or worked after becoming sick,
frequently suffer from pneumonia, pericarditis, gastro-enteritis and other
diseases. Such complications should be given prompt treatment.