your old-fashioned ways. Do not mistake stagnation for stability, but
learn a lesson even from these hated Athenians, who have risen to
their present pitch of greatness by adapting themselves to every new
need as it arose.

"You know what you have to do, if you would wipe out the reproach
which rests upon you, and keep the respect of your faithful allies.
Send an army into Attica, and compel the Athenians to withdraw their
forces from Potidaea. And let it be done speedily, for while we are
talking our kinsmen are perishing."

It happened that an Athenian embassy was present in Sparta, having
been sent there on some other business, and not for the purpose of
representing Athens at the debate. But when they heard of the outcry
which had been raised against their city, the envoys asked permission
for one of their number to address the Spartan assembly, wishing to
explain the true character and origin of the Athenian Empire, and to
warn the Spartans against plunging the whole country into the horrors
of civil war. Leave being granted, the Athenian orator entered on his
subject by sketching the course of events for the last sixty years.
Athens, he said, had twice saved Greece, first at Marathon, and
afterwards at Salamis. On the first of these occasions she had stood
almost alone against an overwhelming force of Persians; and ten years
later, though betrayed by her allies, she had borne the brunt against
the navy of Xerxes. Who, then, was worthier than she to hold empire
over Greeks? That empire had been forced upon her by the inertness of
Sparta, and by the cowardice and sloth of her own allies in the Delian
league. The power thus gained had been used with moderation, in marked
contrast to the previous tyranny of Persia exercised over the same
cities, and the arrogance of Spartan officers when engaged on foreign