From other sources we learn that Cunedda was the son of Edeyrn ab Padarn
Peisrudd, by Gwawl, daughter of Coel Godebog, and that he was entitled, in
right of his mother, to certain territories in Wales. When these were
invaded by the Gwyddyl, his sons, twelve in number, left their northern home
for the purpose of recovering the same, in which they were successful, though
the enemy was not finally extirpated until the battle at Cerrig y Gwyddyl, in
the succeeding generation. It is asserted by some that Cunedda accompanied
his sons in this expedition, and that it was undertaken as much through
inability to retain possession of their more immediate dominions, as from the
desire of acquiring or regaining other lands. However, though the sons
settled in Wales and on its borders, it is more accordant with the drift of
the Poem, already cited, to suppose that Cunedda himself died in the North.
Nevertheless, it is undoubted that the native chieftains began to suffer in
that part of the island from barbarian incursions even before the departure
of the Romans. Thus Ammianus Marcellinus, with reference to the year 364,
bears testimony, that "the Picts and Saxons and Scots and Attacots harassed
the Britons with continual oppressions." {2b}

The final abandonment of the island by the Romans occurred, according to
Zosimus, about A.D. 408 or 409, at which time the native princes arose to the
full enjoyment of feudal dignity and power. In the North, among others, we
find Pabo Post Prydain, a descendant of Coel Godebog in the 4th degree, and
Cynvarch Oer, a member of another branch of the same family; both of whom,
however, were compelled by the inroads of the predatory hordes, to leave
their territories and seek refuge in Wales, though it would appear that
Urien, son of the latter, succeeded subsequently in recovering his paternal
dominion.

The struggle continued, and the enemies had gradually extended themselves
along the coasts, when in 547 they received an important reinforcement by the