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The Wild Tribes of Davao District, Mindanao - The R. F. Cummings Philippine Expedition by Fay-Cooper Cole
page 76 of 211 (36%)

Aside from the _gimokod_ the Bagobo believe that there exists a great
company of powerful spirits who make their homes in the sky above, in
the space beneath the world, or in the sea, in streams, cliffs,
mountains, or trees. The following is the list related by Datu
Tongkaling, a number of _mabalian_, and others supposed to have special
knowledge concerning these superior beings.

I. Eugpamolak Manobo, also called Manama and Kalayagan. The first and
greatest of the spirits, and the creator of all that is. His home is in
the sky from whence he can observe the doings of men. Gifts for him
should be white, and should be placed above and in the center of
offerings intended for other spirits. He may be addressed by the
_mabalian_, the _datu_, and wise old men.

II. Tolus ka balakat, "dweller in the _balakat_[43]." A male spirit who
loves the blood, but not the flesh of human beings, and one of the three
for whom the yearly sacrifice is made. Only the _magani_ may offer
petitions to him. He is not recognized by the people of Digos and
vicinity.

[43] A hanger in which offerings are placed.

III and IV. Mandarangan and his wife Darago. This couple look after the
fortunes of the warriors, and in return demand the yearly sacrifice of a
slave. They are supposed to dwell in the great fissure of Mt. Apo, from
which clouds of sulphur fumes are constantly rising. The intentions of
this pair are evil, and only the utmost care on the part of the _magani_
can prevent them from causing quarrels and dissentions[sic] among the
people, or even actually devouring some of them.
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