heal thee!... Every nation, every country, sees its splendor grow
from day to day. Thou alone and thy people, ye fall from depth to
awful depth....

"Holy land, O Zion and Jerusalem! How dare the stranger trample
on thy soil with haughty foot? How, O Heaven, can the son of the
stranger stand upon the spot whence Thy command banishes him?"

But hope is not entirely blasted:

"In the name of all thy people, in all their dwelling-places,
have we sworn unto thee, O Zion, with scorching tears, that thou
shalt always rest upon our hearts as a seal. Not by night and not
by day shalt thou be forgotten by us."

Another popular poem, anonymous like the last, entitled "The Rose", is
still more dolorous and despairful in tone. Stepped upon by every
passerby, the rose supplicates incessantly, "O man, have pity on me,
restore me to my home!"

Besides these and others with the same underlying ideas, the lyrics of
Lebensohn and "The Mourning Dove" by Letteris constituted the repertory
of the people. But soon romanticism on the part of the litterateurs
began to respond to the romanticism of the masses, asserting itself as a
national Jewish need.

A translation of _Les Mysteres de Paris_, published in Wilna in
1847-8, introduced the romantic movement among the Jews, and at the same
time the novel into the Hebrew language. This translation, or, rather,
adaptation, of Sue's work, executed in a stilted Biblical style, won